南水北调中线水源区水文特征分析及其 水资源适应性利用的思考

南水北调中线调水工程是为了解决华北地区缺水问题而采取的特大型调水工程, 水源区地理特征是调水水量 和水质的重要基础。然而, 从目前的研究现状看, 对水源区边界、面积、河流长度等主要特征参数和水资源特征系统 梳理不足, 水资源利用仍存在一些问题。基于此, 从地理学的角度, 借助地理信息技术和统计学方法, 结合实地调 研, 对南水北调中线水源区主要特征参数进行系统梳理; 分析和总结水资源特征、水资源开发利用演变过程以及存 在的问题; 基于水资源适应性利用理论, 结合南水北调中线水源区实际, 提出其水资源适应性利用的研究思路和战 略措施建议。研究成果对保障南水北调中线可持续调水、支撑水源区水资源开发利用和协同管理提供技术支撑。 The Middle Route of So uth2to2No rth Water Diversio n Pro ject is a majo r w ater div ersion pro ject to allev iate the water crisis in North China, and the g eog raphical char acteristics in its w ater so ur ce area are impo rtant fo r ensuring the quantity and qualit y of t he divert ed water. H ow ever, the curr ent research is inadequate o n the main characte ristic par ameters such a s bound2 a ry , ar ea , and rive r leng th o f the w ate r sour ce ar ea o r o n the w ater r esour ces chara ct erist ics. Ther e a re still some pro blem s in w ater r esour ces utilizatio n. In v iew of this, w e sy st ematica lly teased o ut the main char acteristic par ameters of t he w ater so urce ar ea in the M iddle Route o f So uth2to2North Water Div ersio n Pr o ject from the g eog r aph ical perspectiv e by using geo2 g r aphic info rm atio n t echno lo g y, stat istical metho ds, a nd field inv estig atio n. We a na ly zed and summ arized the characte ristics of w ater r eso urces, the dev elo pment and utilization pro cess o f w ater r esour ces, a nd the ex isting pro blems ther eof. I n v iew of the reality of t he w a ter sour ce ar ea o f the Middle Route of South2to2No rth Water Diversio n Pro ject, w e put forw ard a r e2 sear ch appro ach a nd str ateg ic measur es o n adaptiv e utiliza tio n o f w ater reso urces based o n the theo ry o f adaptiv e utilizatio n of w ater reso urces. T he r esults w ill pr ovide technical supports fo r ensuring sustainable water diversio n in the Middle Ro ute of So ut h2t o2North Water Diversion Pro ject and fo r development , utilization and co llabo rative manag ement of water r esources in the water so urce area. 国家自然科学基金( 51779230; 51509222; 51709238) ; 郑州大学重大科技项目培育基金( 2015ZDPY01)