南水北调中线总干渠 ó 级水污染应急处置水力调控方案研究

长距离输水工程输水量大、闸门群和分水口群众多、控制要求高, 在突发水污染事件下要求保障输水过程稳 定、应急处置高效。研究了南水北调中线总干渠ó 级水污染的应急处置水力调控方案, 提出了ó 级水污染的应急处 置策略, 确定了基于分水口水力特性的水力调控单元划分方法和应急处置水力调控方式。以京石段为例, 提出了采 用不同分水口群或等容积运行规则的 3 种应急调控方案, 并利用建立的一维水动力水质耦合模型, 模拟了不同应急 调控方案下的水流运动和典型污染物的输移过程。研究表明, 三种应急控制方案均能在不弃水、不显著影响上下游 运行的条件下, 通过利用渠道自身调蓄能力或发挥分水口的调控作用, 实现应急调控目标。 Long-distance water transfer projects have large carrying capacity, numerous control gate groups and offtake groups, and put high requirements on controlling . In the event of a water pollution incident, it is essential to ensure the stability of the water transfer process and to handle the emergency efficiently. In this paper we studied the hydraulic control schemes of level ó water pollution in the main channel of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project. We put forward the emergency handling strategy of level ó water pollution, and determined a division method of hydraulic control units based on the hydraulic characteristics of the offtakes. Taking Jing-shi section as an example, we proposed three emergency contro lschemes, and established a coupled model of one-dimensional hydraulics and water quality to simulate the flow of water and the transport of typical pollutants under different control schemes. The research showed that the three emergency control schemes could all achieve the emergency control objectives by using the channel's own storage capacity or exercising the control function of the offtakes without abandoning the water or significantly influencing the operation of the upper and lower reaches. 水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项 ( 2017ZX071082001204 ) ; 国家自然科学基金项目 ( 51579251 ) ; 中国国家留学基金 ( 201609110043 ) ; 2017 年河北省社会科学基金研究项目( HB17SH024)