县级农业灌溉智能决策工具的开发和应用

为了节约水资源、提高县级农业灌溉管理水平，基于SWAT模型和农田水量平衡原理，开发了县级农业灌溉智能决策工具，主要包括农业灌溉规划子系统和实时灌溉子系统。从该决策工具的总体设计出发，对各子系统的功能要求和实现进行了介绍。该决策工具在馆陶县的示范应用实践表明，农业灌溉规划子系统模拟的蒸散发与实测的蒸散发比较接近，可用来优选县级农业管理措施；实时灌溉子系统能够对农田土壤墒情进行预测，对县域灌水时间和灌水量进行预报。该县级农业灌溉智能决策工具的开发为水资源的高效利用和农业灌溉自动化管理提供了有力的技术支持。 In order to save water resources and improve the level of agricultural irrigation management, an agricultural irrigation intelligent decision-making tool, including agricultural irrigation planning sub-system and real-time irrigation sub-system, was developed based on the SWAT model and agricultural water balance theory. The function requirement and realization of each system were introduced from the perspective of overall design of the tool. The developed tool was applied in Guantao County. The application results showed that the simulated evapotranspiration from the agricultural irrigation planning sub-system is similar to the measured value, so this system can be used to optimize agricultural management practice. The real-time irrigation sub-system can predict the soil moisture and determine the irrigation time and amount. The tool can provide technical support for the efficient use of water resources and automation management in agricultural irrigation on county scale. 农业科技成果转化资金项目（2011GB23320013）;国家自然科学基金资助项目(41271048)