透水斜槛对溢洪道泄槽弯道水流改善效果试验

为了探索透水斜槛对溢洪道泄槽弯道水流的改善效果, 在弯道底板布置了 5 道斜角 45b透水率分别为 271 9% 、371 9% 、491 5% 的透水斜槛进行了模型试验。利用试验结果, 计算了弯道横断面水面均匀度及提高率、凹凸 岸水面差及减少率等指标, 以此分析不同透水率斜槛、不同流量条件下弯道段水流的改善效果影响。结果表明: 弯 道设置透水斜槛后能够改善弯道水流, 提高弯道水流均匀度, 降低凹凸岸水面差; 透水率对水流改善效果有影响, 在 相同流量情况下, 透水率越小, 斜槛对水流改善的效果越好; 斜槛改善水流的效果随流量变化, 流量越小, 改善效果 越明显。但就弯道横断面水面均匀度改善效果而言, 不同透水率、不同流量之间相差不大。 In or der t o ex plor e t he flow improv ement effect of permeable o blique sill o n the spillw ay chute bend, w e carried o ut a model test of fiv e permeable o blique sills ( laid at an ang le o f 45b) w ith a permeable rate of 271 9% , 371 9% and 491 5% . Based o n the test r esults, we calculated the water surface ev enness and the co rresponding impro vement rate, the w at er surface difference betw een concave bank and convex bank and the corresponding decrease rate, so as to analyze the effect o f different permeable rates of the sill and differ ent flow rates on impr oving the flow o f the bend. The results w ere as follow s. Firstly , t he permeable oblique sill set at the bend co uld stro ng ly impr ove the bend f low , incr ease water surface ev enness at t he bend, and decrease w ater surf ace difference. Secondly, permeable rate could affect the f low impro vement effect. Under t he same flow r ate, the smaller the permeable rate, the better the effect of the sill on flow impro vement. T hirdly , t he effect o f the sill on flow impro vement wo uld vary w ith the flow r ate; the effect w as mo re obvio us when the flow r ate w as low . Reg arding the im pr ovement effect on the w ater surf ace evenness at the bend, the different permeable rates or flow r ates did not make much difference. 长江科学院开放研究基金( CKWV2018460/ KY) ; 山东农业大学青年科技创新基金( 2017)