南水北调中线工程焦作段滨河地带 土壤重金属污染风险评价

以南水北调中线工程焦作段为研究区, 通过野外调查和室内分析的方法, 采集总干渠流经的农业区、市区、工 矿区的滨河地带土壤样本, 分别测定重金属 Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、H g、Pb 的质量分数, 利用单因子污染指数法、 Nemerow 内梅罗污染指数法和 H akanson 综合潜在生态风险指数评价研究区的重金属污染状况及其潜在生态风 险。结果表明, 与5土壤环境质量标准6中的ò 级标准( pH > 71 5) 相比, 主要重金属污染风险元素为 Cd。农业区、市 区、工矿区的内梅罗污染指数分别为 371 56、361 65、371 98, 且均处于重度污染水平。三个区段的综合潜在风险指数 分别为41 8231 39、18 9731 18、19 6591 09, 均具有很强的生态风险。综合分析表明, 南水北调焦作段总干渠依次流经 的农业区、市区、工矿区滨河地带均受到不同程度的土壤重金属污染, 以工矿区污染最为严重, 对干渠的水质安全造 成极大威胁, 该研究结果对南水北调焦作段水质安全防护及滨河地带土壤污染治理具有重要意义。 Taking Jiao zuo segment in the Middle Ro ute o f South2t o2North Water Transfer Project as the study area, using field in2 vestig ation and experimental analysis, w e collected soil samples from the industrial and mining area, urban area, and ag ricultural ar ea a2 long the main canal, measured the content of heavy metals ( Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) in the soil, and evaluated the condition of heav y2metal pollution and its potential ecolog ical risks using the single factor po llut ion index, Nemerow pollution index, and Hakanson comprehensive potential eco log ical risk index . The results show ed that, acco rding to the Grade ò criteria of the Standar d for So il Quality ( pH > 71 5) , the main heavy2metal po llution risk element w as Cd. The Nemerow pollutio n index of the ag ricultur al area, ur ban area, and industrial2m ining area was 371 56, 361 65, and 371 98, r espectively, all reaching sev ere po llution level. T he com2 prehensive potential risk index of the three areas was 41 8231 39, 18 9731 18, and 19 6591 09, respectively, all posing hig h ecolog ical risks. The ana lysis r esults show ed that the soil o f the ag ricultur al area, ur ban area, and industria l2mining ar ea along the ma in canal ar e all contaminated by heavy metals to differ ent deg r ees. The industrial2mining area has the most serious po llution, w hich po sed a gr eat threat to the w ater quality safety of the canal. T he abo ve results ar e of important sig nificance to water quality pro2 tectio n and so il po llut ion contro l in the riverside ar ea o f Jiaozuo segment of the South2to2North Water T ransfer Project . 河南省科技攻关项目( 162102110169) ; 河南理工大学创新型科研团队资助( B2017216 ) ; 河南省高校教师科技创新团队 (18IRTS TH N008)