粮食增产期黑龙江省农业水土资源 时空匹配格局研究

黑龙江省粮食总产量十二连增的同时, 也给农业水土资源带来了诸多问题。为了客观地评价黑龙江省农业水 土资源时空匹配情况, 根据黑龙江省粮食增产期( 2003- 2015 年) 的水土资源利用状况, 采用基尼系数和农业水土 资源匹配系数分析了黑龙江省农业水土资源时空匹配变化情况。结果表明: ( 1) 粮食增产期黑龙江省农业水土资源 空间匹配差异较大, 基尼系数在 01 4475~ 01 4907 之间, 属于匹配较差范围; 农业水土资源匹配系数均低于全国水 平, 且在时间上表现为匹配程度持续降低的态势。( 2) 空间差异上, 黑龙江省中西部干旱区水土资源匹配程度较低, 不宜继续开垦; 三江平原地区粮食种植面积大, 建议发展节水灌溉; 北部和东南部地区水资源相对丰富, 宜涵养水 源, 以实现可持续发展。 While the total gr ain output in H eilongjiang Prov ince increased fo r 12 co nsecutive y ea rs, there arise many pro blems in agricultural water and land resources. In order to o bjectively evaluate the spatio2tempo ral mat ching o f agricultural w ater and land r eso urces in H eilongjiang Pro vince, based on the ut ilizat ion situation of w ater and land resources in H eilo ng jiang Prov ince in the g rain pro ductio n g rowth period ( 200322015) , we analy zed the relat ionship betw een ag ricultur al w ater and land r eso urces in Heilong jiang Pr ovince by using the Gini coefficient and the matching coefficient of ag ricultur al water and land resour ces. T he results show ed as follows: ( 1) T he spatial matching o f ag ricultural w at er and land resources in Heilong jiang Prov ince during the gr ain pr oduction g rowth perio d varied g reatly, w ith the Gini co efficient r ang ing fr om 01 4475 to 01 4907, falling in the po or matching range. The matching coefficients of agricultural w ater and land r eso urces wer e low er t han t he nat ional aver age, and wer e declining continuo usly o ver t ime. ( 2) I n terms o f spatial differ ences, the centr al and w ester n parts of H eilongjiang Prov ince had a relat ively low matching deg ree of water and land resources and should not be further r eclaimed. The Sanjiang Plain has a larg e gr ain planting ar ea, and w e sugg est dev elo ping w ater2sav ing irrig atio n there. The w ater resour ces in the no rthern and so utheast2 er n r egions ar e relatively abundant , and should be co nserv ed fo r sustainable development 国家自然科学基金( 51679040) ; 黑龙江省自然科学基金( 面上项目) ( E2016004) ; 黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养 计划( U NPYSC T22017022) ; 黑龙江省博士后科研启动基金( LBH2Q17022)