Virulent Characteristics of Multidrug Resistant E. coli from Zaria, Nigeria

Most multidrug resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli isolates (resistant to more than 3 classes of antibiotics) exhibit co-virulent characteristics that contribute to mortality and morbidity as a result of resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics in the clinics. This study evaluated phenotypically some virulent characteristics in E. coli that contribute to the expressed MDR properties of E. coli using standard microbiological methods. Eighty seven E. coli isolates were confirmed as E. coli from urinary tract infection and diarrhoea patients in selected hospitals in Zaria Nigeria using Microgene identification kit, out of which 58.6% (51) were observed to be MDR. Significant number of the MDR isolates (70.6% (36)) were extended spectrum beta-lactamase producers, 45.1% (23) were resistant to cefoxitin and produce ampC. While further analysis on the isolates showed that 23.5% (12) were biofilm producers, 47.1% (24) were heteroresistant to cefoxitin while 5.9% (3) produced carbapenemase. This study showed that most MDR E. coli from UTI and diarrhoea could exhibit more than one virulent characteristics. Hence, isolates with MDR should be subjected to various tests in other to validate the mechanisms of resistance. This will encourage better treatment options and good periodic surveillance in prescription and dispensing of antibiotics in clinical settings.