Intra-abdominal Hypertension at Combined Injuries of the Abdominal Organs

The largest cavity of the human body is the abdominal cavity where there is a huge system of blood flow and many nerve endings, i.e. a huge receptor system. An increase of intra-abdominal pressure above normal levels can lead to negative consequences. Intra-abdominal pressure is a nonspecific manifestation of various surgical diseases. Therefore, high intra-abdominal pressure has independent practical importance. In pathological conditions, an increase of intra-abdominal pressure plays, may be not a key role in the development of systemic disorders, but competes with the leading damaging states. It has been proved that an increase of intra-abdominal pressure can have both a direct mechanical effect on the abdominal organs, and indirectly, through the diaphragm, on the lungs and heart, until the development of acute respiratory failure and decompensated circulatory failure. We have conducted a study of intra-abdominal pressure in 84 patients with combined abdominal trauma from 2008 to 2018in the Samarkand branch of the RRCEM. The age of the victims varied from 18 to 70 years (30.5 ± 8.9), while the majority of the victims were people of working age (up to 50 years), mostly men (n = 69). Combined abdominal injuries were accompanied by craniocerebral injury in 37 (44%) patients. The cause of the injury in most cases was a traffic accident (n = 67-79.7%), an unlawful injury - in 10 (11.9%) cases, catatrauma - in 7 (8.4%) victims. Alcohol intoxication was observed in 41 (48.8%) patients. In those patients whose surgery ends with suturing the abdominal wound tightly there is a high risk for developing intra-abdominal pressure and intra-abdominal hypertension syndrome. The signs of multiple organ failure were significantly expressed in the same group of patients, one of the reasons for which can be an increased intra-abdominal hypertension. Intra-abdominal pressure higher than 12 mm Hg is a “borderline” indicator, the increase of which leads to an increase of mortality