Lobar versus sub-lobar surgery for pulmonary typical carcinoid, a population-based analysis

Pulmonary carcinoids (PCs) comprise 1？2% of all lung cancers with an age-adjusted incidence rate of 0.2？2/100,000 population/year (1). PCs are divided into TC and atypical carcinoid (AC) according to the WHO classification which was modified in 1999 (2). TC is more common than AC and represents more than 80% of PCs (3). Complete surgical resection is the treatment of choice for resectable localized and loco-regional PCs. Five-year survival rate for TC and AC range between 87？97% and 56？77%, respectively (4)