Immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: steps towards more effective combination therapies

Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), one of the most common causes of cancer death worldwide (1), is also where some of the most progressive and innovating breakthroughs are being made in oncologic research. With the progression from single-agent chemotherapy to combination chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and into the most recent developments of immunotherapy and combination immunotherapy, these improvements in recent years have been groundbreaking. Each of these advancements has occurred paired with an improved understanding of tumor biology and clinical responses in lung cancer. Through this most recent generation of research, the possibility of unlocking the real potential of immunotherapy, mainly by targeting immune inhibitory molecules, has been realized