Interfacial tissue engineering of heart regenerative medicine based on soft cell-porous scaffolds

Myocardial infarction (MI), the main cause of the damage to the heart muscle, is increasing in recent years because of the population ageing and lifestyle changes. MI is commonly known as a heart attack when blood flow to part of heart decreases or stops and is accompanied by symptoms such as chest pain, sweating, nausea and fainting. It occurs when the coronary artery is occluded resulting in the hypoxia of areas in heart tissue. As the hypoxia status sustains, in the final stage, MI may cause the cardiac fibrosis and heart failure affecting nearly 23 million worldwide (1)