Pneumothorax: from definition to diagnosis and treatment

Spontaneous pneumothoraces are divided into two types: primary, which occurs in the absence of known lung disease, and secondary, which occurs in someone with underlying lung disease. Until now the cause of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) has not been identified, however; several risk factors have been identified such as; smoking, male sex, and a family history of pneumothorax. Several underlying mechanisms have been observed and are discussed below. Moreover; a PSP tends to occur in a young adult without underlying lung problems. Symptoms such as, chest pain and sometimes mild breathlessness are usually observed. There are several cases where a PSP is a threat for a patient’s life, however; several patients may wait several days before seeking medical attention. It has been observed that it is rare for PSPs to cause tension pneumothoraces