Thoracoscopic lobectomy for massive hemoptysis caused by complete pulmonary vein occlusion after radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation

Transcatheter radiofrequency ablation is a common and effective treatment strategy for recurrent and drug-resistant atrial fibrillation. Pulmonary vein stenosis and occlusion are rare complications of ablation. Severe pulmonary vein stenosis and occlusion can cause hemoptysis; however, only a few cases of massive hemoptysis caused by pulmonary vein occlusion have been reported to date. We here report a patient with massive hemoptysis caused by complete pulmonary vein occlusion after radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation who was successfully treated by thoracoscopic lobectomy