山西煤系锂镓铝分布特征和开发利用前景 

煤中共伴生金属矿产是指在煤系地层中,与煤共生或伴生在一起,在煤炭开采时共同产出的具有工业价值或工业利用前景的金属矿产。山西煤炭资源丰富,储量巨大,年煤炭产量常年占全国年煤炭产量的25%左右,火电发电量常年占全省总发电量90%以上。山西煤与煤基固废中蕴藏着大量可供工业开发和利用的金属矿产,如煤中锂、镓、铝等。但目前尚无从全省的角度对山西煤中共伴生金属矿产的分布进行研究,极大地限制了从宏观政策层面对煤中共伴生矿产的战略开发。笔者根据山西煤系地层中锂镓铝的研究数据,分析了目前山西煤系共伴生锂、镓、铝的分布特征和成矿前景。认为,山西煤中太原组煤中锂含量显著大于山西组,而铝镓小于山西组;煤层夹矸中锂镓含量显著大于煤层中。山西宁武煤田平朔矿区,沁水煤田晋城矿区、霍西煤田霍州矿区、西山煤田古交矿区太原组主采煤层以及西山煤田夹矸中的锂具有良好的煤系伴生锂矿成矿潜力;山西煤中镓和铝异常高值较普遍,广泛分布于山西山西省中北部地区,且整体上从北向南依次递减。山西煤系锂镓铝资源在山西电厂粉煤灰和高铝煤矸石储量巨大,具有良好的工业开发前景,亟需对山西粉煤灰中锂和煤层夹矸中锂镓的边界品位和最低工业品位进行划定,以实现资源的循环和高值化利用。作为2种特殊的矿产资源,粉煤灰和煤矸石的综合利用应从源头开始做顶层设计,因地制宜、分类分级梯级利用。 The coal-associated metal minerals refer to metal minerals with the industrial value or industrial utilization prospects in coal mining that are co-produced or associated with coal in coal-bearing strata. Shanxi is a large coal province in China,which has abundant coal resources and huge reserves. The annual coal output accounts for about 25% of the national annual coal output. The annual thermal power generation accounts for more than 90% of the total power generation in the province. The Shanxi coal and coal-based solid waste contain a large number of the metal minerals for industrial development and utilization,such as lithium,gallium and aluminum in coal. However,there is no research on the distribution of the associated metal minerals in Shanxi coal from the perspective of the province,which greatly limits the strategic development of the coal-related companion minerals from the macro policy level. Based on the existing research data of lithium,gallium and aluminum in Shanxi coal-bearing strata,the distribution characteristics and metallogenic prospects of lithium,gallium and aluminum in Shanxi coal system were analyzed and discussed. It is believed that the lithium content in Taiyuan Formation coal in Shanxi coal is significantly larger than that in Shanxi group,while the aluminum and gallium is smaller than that in the Shanxi group.The content of lithium gallium in coal seam gangue is significantly larger than that in coal seam. In Shanxi Ningwu Coalfield Pingshuo mining area,Qinshui coalfield Jincheng mining area,Huoxi coalfield Huozhou mining area,Xishan coalfield Gujiao mining area,Taiyuan Formation main coal seam and the gangue of Xishan coalfield,the Lithiumhas good mineralization potential for coal-related associated lithium; The abnormally high values of gallium and aluminum in Shanxi coal are common,and the gallium and aluminum widely are distributed in the central and northern parts of Shanxi Province,and decrease from from north to south as a whole. The Shanxi coal-based resources