新疆煤制饮用水处理用活性炭工艺及应用

新疆煤炭储量大,煤炭资源丰富,煤种多样化且具有灰分低、活性高等特性,是制备水处理用煤基活性炭的优质原料。以新疆主要矿区原煤为原料,采用配煤压块工艺制备活性炭,考察预氧化、炭化、活化等工艺条件及催化剂对活性炭性能的影响,优化饮用水处理用活性炭制备的工艺及主要参数,并表征了活性炭对TOC、CODMn和UV254的吸附能力。结果表明,灰分<5%、挥发分35%左右、水分3%～6%的新疆哈密煤、新疆宽沟按60∶40的比例配煤,添加含钾化合物催化剂,在250℃氧化180～200 min、530～560℃炭化150～180 min、920～940℃活化,可制备出碘吸附值1 200～1 320 mg/g、亚甲蓝吸附值280～290 mg/g、平均强度95%、装填密度470～485 g/L的高效水处理活性炭,基于新疆煤质生产的饮用水处理用煤基活性炭产品对水中TOC、COD、UV254的去除率分别为38%、42%、67%,表明新疆煤质生产的饮用水处理用煤基活性炭产品对水中有机物的吸附性能优于美国卡尔岗公司生产的F-400。 Xinjiang has large coal reserves,abundant coal resources,diversified coal types,low ash content and high activity.It is a high-quality raw material for preparing coal-based activated carbon for water treatment.Activated carbon was prepared from raw coal of main mining areas in Xinjiang by coal blending and pressing process.The effects of pre-oxidation,carbonization and activation conditions and catalysts on the performance of activated carbon were investigated.The preparation process and main parameters of activated carbon for drinking water treatment were optimized.The adsorption energy of activated carbon on TOC,CODMn and UV254 was characterized.The results show that the iodine adsorption values of 1 200-1 320 mg/g、the adsorption value of methylene blue is 280-290 mg/g and the average strength is 95%,and the loading density is 470-485 g/L can be prepared by blending Hami coal and Kuangou coal with ash less than 5%,volatile matter 35% and moisture 3%-6% at the ratio of 60∶40,adding potassium-containing compound catalyst and oxidized 180-200 min at 250 ℃,carbonized 150-180 min at 530-560 ℃,activated at 920-940 ℃.The removal rates of TOC,COD and UV254 in drinking water treatment based on coal-based activated carbon products produced in Xinjiang are 38%,42% and 67%,respectively.It shows that coal-based activated carbon products produced in Xinjiang coal-based drinking water treatment have better adsorption properties than F-400 produced by Carlgang Company in the United States