积极老龄化视野下中国老年人社会参与模式及影响因素
Social Participation Profile of the Chinese Elderly in the Context of Active Ageing: Patterns and Determinants

摘要 文章使用2014年中国老年社会追踪调查数据，根据老年人参加经济活动、社会活动、政治活动和家庭活动的情况，利用潜在类别模型探索老年人的社会参与模式，并从个人、社会、经济和环境4个方面分析影响老年人社会参与模式的因素。研究发现，老年人社会参与模式可以分为高参与型、低参与型和家庭照顾型，这一结果与我国重视家庭文化的特点相符。多分类Logistic模型结果验证了中国老年人社会参与模式影响因素理论框架的适用性。研究结果表明应通过发展终身教育，加强社会组织建设，完善养老服务体系，建立年龄友好环境，提高老年人社会参与的内外能力，尤其是关注弱势老年群体社会参与的需求，来真正建立一个人人共享的社会，从而推进和实现健康老龄化和积极老龄化。
Abstract： Based on older adults involvement in economic, social, political, and family activities, we use data from CLASS (2014) to examine their patterns of social participation by latent class analysis. We identify three active profiles-High Active, Low Active, and Family Care-which are consistent with the characteristics of family culture in China. Multinomial logistic regression analysis is further adopted to investigate the association between their participation patterns and individual, social, economic, and environmental factors. Results suggest that the influential framework can explain the differences in types of participation patterns. In order to improve the internal and external abilities of the older adults in social participation, we should develop lifelong education, strengthen the capacity of social organizations, improve the old-age service system, and establish an agefriendly environment. Particularly, we should pay attention to the needs of socially vulnerable elderly groups to build a society for all ages and promote healthy ageing and active ageing