人子宫异体移植面临的伦理困境及应对
Ethical dilemma faced by human uterus allotransplantation and the countermeasures

人子宫异体移植为完全子宫性因素致不孕（AUFI）患者带来了生育的希望，但人子宫移植在手术难 度大以及术后并发症风险高的医学背景下，更存在着 AUFI 患者自身权益矛盾、AUFI 患者权益与子宫供者权益矛 盾、AUFI 患者权益与子代权益矛盾及其他权益矛盾等伦理困境。鉴于此，文章在权衡利弊的基础上，提出了应 对人子宫异体移植伦理困境的原则与措施，即在坚持生命健康优先原则、知情同意原则、对子代和社会负责原则 以及严禁非法子宫交易原则下完善相关制度与规范，发挥医学伦理学委员会督促与指导作用，并对 AUFI 患者辅 以心理疏导。
Human uterine allotransplantation brought the hope of fertility to the patients with absolute uterine factor infertility (AUFI). However, in addition to difficult operation and high risk of postoperative complications, human uterine transplantation faced the ethical disputes on the contradiction of AUFI patients’ own rights, and the contradictions between the rights of AUFI patients and the rights of uterine donors, offspring and other rights. On the basis of weighing the advantages and disadvantages, the article held that it’s necessary to insist the principle of life and health priority, the principle of informed consent, the principle of being responsible to the children and society, and the principle of strictly prohibiting the illegal uterine trade, and to take the following measures: the relevant systems and norms should be perfected, the medical ethics committee could supervise and guide the patients with AUFI, and the patients with AUFI should be assisted with psychological guidance