栽培方式对水稻生育进程、主要病害严重度及产量的影响
Effects of cultivation modes on growth process,severity of main diseases and yield of rice

采用旱育免耕抛栽、小苗机插、盘育免耕抛栽、油林免耕套播、直播、常规栽插6种栽培方式，比较水稻发育进程、主要病害严重程度以及产量的差异,探讨不同栽培方式对稻瘟病、稻曲病、水稻纹枯病发生程度的影响，为不同栽培方式下水稻主要病害的防控提供理论依据。结果显示：直播和常规栽插稻叶龄发育进程总体快过免耕抛栽方式；不同栽培方式之间稻瘟病、纹枯病和稻曲病发生程度均有差异，产量从高到低顺序为常规栽插、小苗机插、直播、盘育免耕抛栽、旱育免耕抛栽和油林免耕套播。不同栽培方式对水稻的生育进程、主要病害的发生程度和产量均有一定程度的影响，常规栽插和小苗机插方式病害发生的总体情况优于其余4种栽培方式。
Six cultivation modes including no-tillage dry-raising seedling,seedling machine planting,no-tillage tray-raising seedling,no-tillage rapeseed-rice interplant,direct seedling and conventional planting were used to compare the rice growth process,severity of main rice diseases including rice blast,rice false smut and sheath blight,and differences of rice yield.Results showed that the growth process of leaf age under direct seedling and conventional planting was generally faster than that under small seedling machine cultivation.The severity of rice blast,sheath blight and rice false smut under different cultivation modes was different.The order of yield per 667 m2 under different cultivation modes from high to low was the conventional planting,followed by seedling machine planting,direct seedling,no-tillage tray-raising seedling,no-tillage dry-raising seedling and no-tillage rapeseed-rice interplant.Different cultivation modes affected the rice growth process,the severity of disease and rice yield to some extent.Comprehensive diseases occurrence under conventional planting and seedling machine planting was superior to that under the other four cultivation modes.