“转型”：观念的形成、元话语重构与新闻业变迁 ——对“澎湃新闻”的案例研究
“Transformation”: Formation of Idea, Reconstruction of Metadiscourse and Changes in Journalism A Case Study on The Paper

摘要 本文对中国新闻业“转型”进行了制度分析。以话语制度主义切入“澎湃新闻”这 一案例，作者发现：作为新闻业变迁中形成的观念，“转型”的核心是数字传播技术在 新闻生产流程中的配置，旨在继续促进实践活动回归新闻本位并为之释放动能；作为 话语，它的重构及其实践“由内而外”接受职业力量的主导。对新闻从业者来说，“转 型”是实用的，有着鲜明“路径依赖”的规范，可被看作中国传媒市场化改革的延伸， 不涉及技术引入新闻场域以后权力关系的变动。这为理解中国新闻业变迁过程和后果提 供了理论前提。
This article applies institutional analysis on the “transformation” of journalism in China. With the case The Paper, a renowned and emerging online media outlet, the author argues a) as an idea, “transformation” unfolds on the level of policies and programs without philosophies; b) as a discourse, coordination proliferates “in-and-out” with peers, and communication is dominated by journalists with the public. “Transformation” shows pragmatic views of journalists on what to do, as well as normative principle of what one ought to do. Therefore, as a keyword to understand changes in journalism, “transformation” is mainly deemed as an extension to China market-oriented media reform since 1990s. Based on this, a digital and networked communication space is only regarded by journalists as momentum to continue stimulating journalistic activities back to news instead of propaganda, rather than reconstructing power relations in journalistic feld. This conclusion makes prerequisites to further exploration on the process and consequence of changes in journalism in China