美国“热点新闻挪用规则”的确立、发展与启示
The Establishment, Development and Enlightenment of American “Hot News Misappropriation Doctrine”

摘要 “热点新闻挪用规则”是美国限制非法转载新闻的规则，它用于规制不当挪用新 闻机构发布单纯事实消息的搭便车行为，对解决当前中国媒体新闻报道不正当竞争纠 纷与新闻聚合网站的新闻生产与传播中的版权争议非常有借鉴意义。本文从历史溯源 的维度，认真梳理“热点新闻挪用规则”在美国INS案、NBA案、ANH案和Barclays 案、Dow Jones案等一系列判例中确立的司法实践与演进逻辑，分析此规则背后预设的 法理，讨论它在制止“不经播种，便要收获”的新闻生产中的意义，强调以“额头出 汗原则”保护新闻生产的劳动价值，以维护新闻行业的公平竞争和社会公共利益。
The US “hot news misappropriation doctrine” is a US rule that restricts the illegal reprinting of news. It is used to regulate the free-riding behavior of misappropriating news agencies to publish simple factual news. Justifed competition disputes and news production and dissemination of news aggregation websites are very useful. From the perspective of historical traceability, this paper carefully sorts out the establishment and evolution logic and judicial practice of the “hot news misappropriation doctrine” in the US INS case, NBA case, ANH case, Barclays case, Dow Jones case, etc., and discusses the jurisprudence and the signifcance of avoiding the production of news that “endeavoring to reap where it has sown” and protecting labor value of news production with the principle of “sweat-of-the-brow doctrine” to maintain social public interests and fair competition in the news industry