湿式喷射法生态护坡技术在曼大公路取土场的应用
Application of Wet Spraying Technology of Ecological Slope Protection in the Borrow Pit Slope in Mandela-Datong Highway

喷射生态护坡技术作为一种机械化高、生产能力大的技术，被广泛应用于边坡的生态修复工程中。在充分对比分析湿式和干式喷射生态护坡技术的基础上，依托穿越青藏高原仙米国家森林公园自然保护区的国道569曼德拉至大通高速公路项目，对公路沿线3#取土场开展了生态修复研究。具体技术参数为：选择湿式喷射生态护坡技术，根据恢复生态学原理，选取10 g？m-2披碱草、7 g？m-2冷地早熟禾、4 g？m-2星星草和3 g？m-2豌豆的种子。施工后1 a的恢复效果表明，恢复效果因取土场坡度的不同而表现出较大的差异，坡度<1∶0.75的区域植被覆盖率、植物生长高度及植物多样性指标明显高于坡度>1∶0.75的区域，且植物群落逐渐向自然边坡演替。表明湿式喷射生态护坡技术适用于坡度<1∶0.75的边坡，坡度>1∶0.75的边坡可考虑采用干式喷射生态护坡技术。
The spraying technology of ecological slope protection (ESP) is widely used in the projects of slope ecological protection,which features high mechanization and high efficiency.Based on the full comparative analysis of the wet and dry spraying technology of ESP，and taking the National Highway No.569 Mandela to Datong Expressway in Xianmi National Forest Park Nature Reserve as an example,ecological restoration research was carried out on the 3# borrow pit slope along the highway.The specific technical parameters included wet spraying technology of ESP with 10，7，4 and 3 g？m-2 seeds of Elymus dahuricus,Poa crymophila,Puccinellia tenuiflora and Pisum sativum,respectively.The recovery effects after one year construction showed significant differences among the slopes with different degrees.The vegetation coverage,plant height and plant diversity index of the slopes with the slope gradient less than 1∶0.75 were significantly higher than those with slope gradient more than 10.75,and the plant community gradually succeeded to the natural situation.The results indicated that the wet-jet ESP technology was suitable for slopes with the gradient less than 1∶0.75,while for those with the slope gradient more than 1∶0.75,dry-jet ESP technology could be considered