近46年毛乌素沙地和科尔沁沙地潜在蒸散量的变化特征及影响因子分析
Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Potential Evapotranspiration in Mu Us and Khorchin Sandy Land in Recent 46 Years

近46 a来在全球气候变暖的大背景下，毛乌素沙地乌审旗ET0处于显著下降的趋势，降水量微弱上升，地区暖湿化趋势明显；科尔沁沙地奈曼旗ET0呈逐渐上升趋势，降水量微弱减少，有弱的暖干化趋势。毛乌素沙地乌审旗ET0与风速呈极显著正相关，与温度呈负相关，且仅与最低温度达到显著水平；科尔沁沙地奈曼旗ET0与温度变化趋势一致，ET0与最高温度呈极显著正相关，与相对湿度呈极显著负相关。贡献率分析结果表明，对于毛乌素沙地乌审旗ET0，风速的贡献率为58.53%，温度的整体贡献率为39.98%；而对于科尔沁沙地奈曼旗ET0，风速的贡献率为38.81%，温度的整体贡献率为56.99%。影响内蒙古东西部两大沙地ET0的主要气象因子差异明显，西部区毛乌素沙地主要受风速的影响，而东部区科尔沁沙地则主要受温度的影响。
With the context of the global climate warming,the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in the sandy land of Wushen County in the Mu Us Desert in recent 46 years was in a significant downward trend.The amount of precipitation rose slightly,the trend of warm-humid in the area was obvious.The ET0 in Naiman County of the Khorchin sandy land increased gradually,the rainfall decreased slightly.There was a weak tendency of warming and drying.The ET0 in Wushen County was positively correlated with the wind speed,the temperature was negatively correlated with the ET0,and the ET0 only had a significant negative correlation with the lowest temperature.The ET0 in Naiman County was consistent with the trend of temperature,the ET0 was positively correlated with maximum temperature,and the ET0 was significantly negatively correlated with relative humidity.The contribution rate of wind speed was 58.53% to the ET0 in Wushen County,and the overall contribution rate of temperature was 39.98%.The contribution rate of wind speed was 38.81% to the ET0 in Naiman County,and the overall contribution rate of temperature was 56.99%.The main meteorological factors affecting two sandy areas in east and west Inner Mongolia were significantly different,the sandy land in the western area was mainly affected by wind speed,and the eastern area was mainly affected by temperature