“多元共服”能否破解农村失能老人养老困境?
Does “Multiple Servicing” Solve the Rural Disabled Elders’ Care Hardship?

受限于家庭养老的局限性,“多元共服”成为解决农村失能老人养老问题的路径选择,但是,各社会主体充分发挥自身养老服务供给功能,相互配合、相互协调、相互补充形成的养老服务社会支持体系能否有效破解农村失能老人养老服务困境有待实践检验。基于福利多元主义理论、多中心治理理论,本文构建了“多元共服”与农村失能老人养老状态关系理论模型,利用调研数据,应用有序逻辑回归模型实证分析了“多元共服”能否提升农村失能老人的自评养老状态。研究发现:家庭、社区以及市场的养老支持对于农村失能老人养老状态有显著影响,且市场带来的是负向影响;在人口与家庭特征中,性别、失能程度对农村失能老人的养老状态有显著影响。建议加大对家庭、社区两大责任主体支持力度,破解农村失能老人养老困境。
Because of the fading of family’s supporting functions, “multiple servicing” becomes the mainstream to solve the rural disabled elders’ care hardship. It is requested that all elderly care service subjects must mutually coordinate and multilaterally cooperate. Whether it’s useful is needed to be tested empirically. This paper, based on welfare pluralism and multi？？centers governance theory, builds a theoretical model which empirically demonstrates the relationship between “multiple servicing” and the state of rural disabled elders in ordinal logistic regression model. According to the data of the samples in Shaanxi province, it finds that the supports from family and community can promote the rural disabled elders’ care, which is contrary to the support from market, and gender and the degree of disability have a significant impact. As such, this paper recommends to increase the supports to the family and community to solve the rural disabled elders’ care hardship