农村随迁老人的社会融入研究
he Social Integration of Migrant Workers’ Parents

随着举家迁移成为农村人口流动的主要迁移模式,农村随迁老人的规模不断扩大,“人的城镇化”和农业转移人口市民化的目标群体亟需从农民工群体扩展到随迁老人,随迁老人的社会融入日益成为重要的社会问题。本文利用2013年12月深圳市P区“农村随迁老人生活状况专项调查”数据,构建农村随迁老人社会适应、心理接纳和身份认同等三个层次的社会融入框架,分析人力资本与社会资本对其社会融入水平的影响。研究发现,农村随迁老人的总体社会融入状况较好,尤其在心理维度表现出对城市人较高的接纳程度;人力资本的提升会促进农村随迁老人的社会融入;流入地的社会资本对农村随迁老人社会融入具有促进作用;经济水平的提升对农村随迁老人社会融入具有双重作用,退休金或养老金金额的增长有助于老人更快适应城市,但子女或亲属给予的经济支持却对其社会融入产生阻碍作用。
With the acceleration of new urbanization, the scale of rural？？urban migrants expands unceasingly and shows a trend of “family migration”. As the rural elderly people came to the city with their children for various reasons, they become a new group of migrant workers’ parents in the city and their social integration has become an increasingly important social problem. Based on the data from a survey of migrant workers’ parents in the P District of Shenzhen, China in December 2013, this paper builds a social integration indicators of migrant workers’ parents, followed by an analysis of the integration status from the aspects of overall social integration, social adaptation, psychological acceptance and identity. It also explores how the human capital and social capital influence the social integration of migrant workers’ parents. The study finds that the overall social integration of migrant workers’ parents is better, especially in the psychological dimension, showing a higher degree of acceptance of the urban people. The promotion of human capital and social capital in the inflow area will promote the social integration. And the improvement of economic status has dual effects on the social integration. The increase of pension helps the migrant workers’ parents to adapt to the city more quickly, but the economic support from children or relatives hinders their social integration