对外直接投资与中国企业的全球价值链升级
OFDI and China’s Industry Enterprises’ GVC Upgrading

本文在深入分析发展中国家对外直接投资影响企业全球价值链升级机理的基础上,采用中国微观企业数据,从工艺升级、产品升级、功能升级以及链条升级四个层次分析了对外直接投资对企业全球价值链升级过程的影响,并通过生存分析模型,研究了对外直接投资与企业参与全球价值链持续时间的关系。研究发现:第一,对外直接投资有利于发展中国家企业的工艺升级、产品升级、功能升级和链条升级,促进企业不断攀升全球价值链高端环节;第二,对外直接投资降低了企业退出全球价值链的风险,延长了企业参与全球价值链的持续时间;第三,东部沿海地区、投资发达国家和地区以及设立多分支机构的对外直接投资企业退出全球价值链的概率更低,嵌入全球价值链的持续时间更长。
Based on the analysis of the mechanism of OFDI affecting the upgrading process of global value chain of enterprises in developing countries, this paper investigates the effect of OFDI on Global Value Chain upgrading from four levels which are process upgrading, product upgrading, function upgrading and chain upgrading, by using the data of Chinese micro？？enterprises. It also studies the relationship between OFDI and the duration of GVC participation through the survival analysis model. The research shows as follows. First, OFDI has a significant positive effect on the upgrading of technological upgrading, product upgrading, function upgrading and chain upgrading of enterprises in developing countries, and promotes enterprises to constantly climb the high？？end links of global value chain. Second, OFDI reduces the risk of firms’ withdrawing from GVC, and extends the duration of GVC participation. Third, those firms on the eastern seaboard, those who export to developed countries, those who have multiple branches of OFDI have low probability of quitting GVC, and have longer duration of GVC participation