大学生方程式赛车碳纤维轮圈结构设计与优化
Design and optimization of carbon fiber rim structure of Formula SAE racing car

大学生方程式赛车轮圈的轻量化设计对减轻簧下质量，提高赛车性能有着重要意义。采用有限元法研究赛车碳纤维轮圈的轻量化设计，对轮辐结构形式进行探究以寻求更高刚度，在多工况条件下对设计方案铺层结构进行多步优化以实现质量的减轻。分析表明，具有斜辐板设计的轮圈比直辐板轮圈有着更好的刚性；碳纤维铺层厚度分区优化是实现轻量化的有效方法，最终设计较原铝合金轮圈质量减轻56%；对碳纤维轮圈的结构优化使材料的最大应力和应变减小，整体刚性提高35%，失效因子降低8.1%。
The lightweight design of the Formula SAE racing rim is important for reducing unsprung mass and improving the performance of the car. In this paper, the finite element method is used to study the lightweight design of carbon fiber rims of Formula SAE racing car. The spoke structure is explored to find higher stiffness, and multi-step optimization of the laminates structure under multiple operating conditions is implemented to reduce weight. The analysis shows that the rim with oblique spoke design have better stiffness than the straight spoke rim. The optimization of carbon fiber laminate thickness is an effective method to achieve lightweight, and the weight of the improved rim is reduced by 56% compared with that of the original aluminum alloy rim. The structural optimization of the rim can reduce the maximum stress and strain of the material, while increasing the wheel stiffness by 35% and reducing the failure factor by 8.1%