超疏水石墨烯/甲醛-三聚氰胺-亚硫酸氢钠共聚物海绵的制备及其在油水分离中的应用
Synthesis of superhydrophobic graphene/formaldehyde-melamine-sodium bisulfite copolymer sponge and its application as absorbent for oil water separation

采用两步法合成了石墨烯（GE）改性的超疏水超亲油甲醛-三聚氰胺-亚硫酸氢钠（FMS）共聚物海绵，首先在FMS海绵基质上进行GE原位聚合，然后通过聚甲基苯基硅氧烷构筑超疏水结构。采用FTIR、SEM、TGA、光学接触角测量仪对海绵结构进行表征分析。结果表明，GE成功地修饰了FMS海绵，制备出的GE/FMS共聚物海绵的接触角达158.9°。将GE/FMS共聚物海绵用于油水分离，经20次对机油吸附-解吸附测定后仍能保持稳定的超疏水性质。改性后的GE/FMS海绵具有良好的可重复利用性且对油和有机溶剂具有高度选择吸收性，对氯仿和机油的吸收量分别达到自身质量的约125倍和90倍，对油或有机溶剂的回收率达到87%以上。进一步对油或有机溶剂与水的分离进行了应用模拟，结果表明：改性后的GE/FMS海绵可以高效快速地将油或有机溶剂从水中分离出来，对于投入生产及吸附应用具有实际意义。 Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic graphene (GE)/formaldehyde-melamine-sodium (FMS) bisulfite copolymer sponge was synthesized by a two-step method, first polymerize GE on the sponge substrate, followed by surface modification with polymethylphenyl silicone to take advantage of its adhesion force in an effort to enhance the hydrophobicity of the FMS sponge absorbent. The modified GE/FMS sponge was characterized by FTIR, SEM, TGA and water contact angle measurement. The results show that the fabricated GE/FMS copolymer sponge is successfully embellished with GE, with a water contact angle of 158.9° after functionalization. The modified GE/FMS sponge exhibits excellent oil-water and organic solvent-water separation with stable superhydrophobic properties maintained after 20 times of absorption-desorption engine oil. The sponge sorbent displays a high sorption capacity with chloroform and engine oil for the modified GE/FMS sponge amounted to about 125 times and 90 times its own weight respectively. The GE/FMS sponge can also separate oil or organic solvent from water efficiently from simulated separation process. The GE/FMS sponge sorbent shows a recovery rate of greater than 87% for the absorption of oils and organic solvents tested. Further, the separation of oil or organic solvent was simulated, overall the newly developed GE/FMS sponge shows much better performance in terms of sorption capacity, recovery rate and reusability, which makes the GE/FMS sponge a promising sorbent for potential applications in the separation and recovery of spilled oils from water. 国家自然科学基金（21176163；21576174