面内压缩超轻质点阵夹芯板的优化、 试验与仿真
Optimization, experiment and simulation of lightweight lattice sandwich plates under in-plane compression load

为揭示点阵材料在航空航天工程中的应用潜力，对承受面内压缩载荷点阵夹芯板的力学行为进行了研究。基于夹芯板整体欧拉失稳、剪切失稳、格间局部失稳、跨格局部失稳和应力破坏多种理论失效模式，引入面板厚度、厚度方向的点阵层数、点阵杆件长度、截面尺寸、倾斜度、胞元长细比等优化变量，推导了点阵夹芯板的最小质量优化设计方法。同时利用激光选取熔融（SLM）增材制造工艺生产了点阵夹芯板试验件。随后，采用有限元方法对试验结果进行了仿真分析，两者误差在10%以内，证实了数值方法的准确性。最终对初始设计和优化设计方案进行了数值分析，发现优化方案在保持相同承载力的条件下，实现结构减重16.6%，验证了优化设计方法的有效性。同时，试验与仿真的一致性有力地证明了增材制造工艺在点阵夹芯结构制造方面的可行性。 In order to reveal the potential application in aeronautic and astronautic engineering, the lattice sandwich plate subjected to in-plane compression was focused on and its mechanical behaviors were studied. Based on the failure modes including Euler buckling, shear buckling, face dimpling, face wrinkling and face crushing, a minimum mass optimization method was proposed for the lattice sandwich plate, where six optimization variables were considered, including the panel thickness, the length of rod, the size of rod cross-section, the inclined angle of rod and the wideness ratio of cell. The experimental specimens of the lattice sandwich plate were fabricated based on selective laser melting(SLM) additive manufacturing process. Then, finite element method was validated by comparison with the experimental results, and the error is less than 10%. Finally, both the initial and the optimal designs were analyzed by finite element method. Numerical results show that the optimal design can reduce 16.6% of the mass under the identical compression load, which proves the availability of the optimization method. Moreover, the consistency between the experiments and numerical result proves that additive manufacturing can be used to fabricate the lattice sandwich structure with stable mechanical properties. 国家重点研发计划（2017YFB1102800）；国家自然科学基金（11602147