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- 2019
碳纳米管和TiB2混杂增强铜复合材料的电弧侵蚀行为
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Abstract:
采用放电等离子烧结（SPS）工艺制备出不同混杂比例碳纳米管（CNTs）和TiB2混杂增强铜（CNTs-TiB2/Cu）复合材料，对复合材料致密度、硬度、导电率、导热率和显微组织进行了对比和分析。同时对复合材料进行了电接触试验，研究了不同电流条件下CNTs与TiB2混杂比例对CNTs-TiB2/Cu复合材料电弧侵蚀行为的影响。结果表明：随着CNTs与TiB2混杂比例的增加，CNTs-TiB2/Cu复合材料的密度、硬度、导电率和导热率逐渐降低，铜基体晶界分离现象越来越明显；在特定电流条件下，合适的CNTs-TiB2混杂比例可提高CNTs-TiB2/Cu复合材料的抗电弧侵蚀性能；当电流为5 A和10 A时，CNTs与TiB2混杂比例为4∶1的平均燃弧能量、平均燃弧时间和材料转移量达到最低，而电流为15 A时，CNTs与TiB2混杂比例为1∶4的平均燃弧能量、平均燃弧时间和材料转移量达到最低。电弧侵蚀后阴极出现熔池、气孔及熔融金属铺展等特征，且随着CNTs与TiB2混杂比的增加，CNTs-TiB2/Cu复合材料熔池面积减小，气孔数量变少，熔融金属铺展的特征减弱。 Sparks plasma sintering (SPS) process was used to prepare copper matrix composites reinforced with different ratios of carbon nanotubes(CNTs) and TiB2 hybrid. Density, hardness, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and microstructure of the composites were compared and analyzed. To investigate the effects of hybrid ratios on the arc erosion behavior of CNTs-TiB2/Cu composites, electrical contact test was carried out at different currents. The results indicate gradual decrease in relative density, hardness, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and an increase in separation of the copper grains with the increasing hybrid ratios. Arc erosion resistance of CNTs-TiB2/Cu composites is improved with appropriate ratios of CNTs to TiB2 under a certain current. The CNTs-TiB2/Cu composite with 4:1 hybrid ratio of CNTs to TiB2 has the lowest average making-arc-energy, average making-arc-durations and material transfer amounts at 5 A and 10 A, while the CNTs-TiB2/Cu composite with 1:4 hybrid ratio of CNTs to TiB2 has the lowest average making-arc-energy, average making-arc-durations and material transfer amounts at 15 A. The molten pool, pores and spread out of molten metal are formed on the cathode after arc erosion. Furthermore, molten pool, pores and spread out of molten metal decreases as the ratios of CNTs to TiB2 increase. 国家自然科学基金（U1502274；51605146）；河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目（2018GGJS045）；中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2018M632769）；河南省杰出人才创新基金（182101510003）；河南省创新科技团队（C20150014
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