Ti3C2Tx/聚酰亚胺复合材料的制备及性能
Preparation and performances of Ti3C2Tx/polyimide composites

为了改善聚酰亚胺（PI）的热学性能和冲击断裂强度、弯曲强度和硬度等力学性能，通过液相刻蚀三元层状陶瓷Ti3AlC2制备了二维层状结构纳米Ti3C2Tx，利用XRD、FE-SEM对产物进行了物相分析和微观结构表征；采用湿法球磨和热压成型法制备了不同Ti3C2Tx含量的Ti3C2Tx/PI复合材料，考察了Ti3C2Tx对复合材料热学性能、冲击断裂强度、弯曲强度和硬度等的影响，并分析了断面形貌。结果表明，所制备的Ti3C2Tx为纳米片层结构，片层厚度为20~50 nm，片层堆叠；二维Ti3C2Tx在PI基体中分散均匀，且固化过程中PI进入Ti3C2Tx层间提高了二者之间的结合力，使界面结合良好；Ti3C2Tx纳米片的添加提高了PI的玻璃化转变温度并改善了基体的冲击断裂强度、弯曲强度和硬度等，当Ti3C2Tx添加量为0.25wt%时，Ti3C2Tx/PI复合材料的玻璃化转变温度提高了17℃，冲击断裂强度提高了31%。 In order to improve the thermal properties and impact rupture strength, flexural strength and hardness et al mechanical properties of polyimide (PI), two-dimensional layered structure nanomaterial Ti3C2Tx was prepared by liquid-phase etching of a ternary layered ceramic Ti3AlC2. The crystal structure and morphology of as-prepared were characterized by XRD and FESEM. The Ti3C2Tx/PI composites with different concentrations of Ti3C2Tx were prepared by wet ball milling and hot pressing. The effects of Ti3C2Tx on the thermal properties, impact rupture strength, flexural strength and hardness of Ti3C2Tx/PI composites were investigated. Simultaneously, the fracture morphology was analyzed. The results suggest that Ti3C2Tx with a thickness of 20-50 nm is nanosheets layered structure, which can uniformly disperse in the PI matrix. During the curing process, PI enters the Ti3C2Tx layers and improves the bonding force between PI and Ti3C2Tx, resulting in good combining interface. The addition of Ti3C2Tx nanosheets enhance the glass transition temperature of PI and improve the impact rupture strength, flexural strength, and hardness properties of the matrix. When adding amount of Ti3C2Tx is 0.25wt%, the glass transition temperature of Ti3C2Tx/PI composite increases by 17℃ and the impact rupture strength ascends by 31%. 国家自然科学基金（51472075；51772077）；河南省自然科学基金（182300410228；182300410275）；河南省科技攻关项目（172102210284