物联网技术在地震受困人员应急搜救中的应用研究
Internet of Things Technology Applied to Earthquake Emergency Search and Rescue of Trapped Personnel

为能在搜救地震受困人员时，实时监测灾区情况，增强实时性及降低搜救误差，研究物联网技术在地震受困人员应急搜救中的应用，设计基于物联网的地震应急搜救系统，采用RFID识读器将采集的数据通过互联网传输至数据处理中心服务器上，再反馈至灾区信息处理子系统中的监测防御模块中，若出现异常情况则开启射频模块，命令现场报警装置响应报警应急搜救信号；通过蚁群算法获取最优搜救路线，及时搜救地震受困人员。实验结果表明，设计系统可有效搜救地震受困人员，且系统的吞吐率高达90%，搜救准确率均值高达97.6%，耗时均值仅为0.88 h，具有较高的搜救准确率和搜救效率。
To monitor conditions in disaster areas in real time, enhance real-time performance and reduce the error of search and rescue, the application of the Internet of Things technology in earthquake emergency search and rescue of trapped personnel was studied, and applied to the design of an earthquake emergency search and rescue system. The collected data were transmitted through the Internet to the data processing center server by a RFID reader, and then fed back to the monitoring and defense module of the information processing subsystem in the disaster area. If an abnormal situation occurred, the radio frequency module would be turned on to order the in-situ alarm device to respond to the emergency search and rescue signal. The optimal search and rescue route could be calculated with the ant colony algorithm, and the earthquake trapped personnel could be timely searched and rescued. The experimental results showed that the designed system can effectively search and rescue earthquake trapped personnel. The throughput of the system was as high as 90%, the average accuracy rate of search and rescue as high as 97.6%, and the average consuming time was only 0.88 h. The system showed high search and rescue accuracy and efficiency