Assessment of Anticancer Effect of Alendronate in Breast Cancer: An in Vitro Study - Assessment of Anticancer Effect of Alendronate in Breast Cancer: An in Vitro Study - Open Access Pub

Breast cancer has high incidence in women from both developed and developing countries. Approximately 2 million women are diagnosed with breast cancer in 2018. In Asia, unfortunately Pakistan leads the highest number of breast cancer patients. Various treatment strategies are present but they are not well developed. There is a great need to develop effective methods for early detection and treatment of the disease. For cancer treatment chemotherapeutic interventions have always been a method of choice. One of the mechanisms involved in cancerous cell proliferation is Mevalonate (MVA) pathway. It is hypothesized that arresting MVA pathway leads to cell death hence cancer cell growth is suppressed. Various inhibitors of MVA pathway have been studied that can suppress cell proliferation. Nitrogen containing bisphosphonates are MVA pathway inhibitor and clinically used for treatment of bone diseases. Their anticancer efficacy is also reported. Current study focuses on alendronate, a nitrogen containing bisphosphonate to examine their anticancer effect on breast cancer cell line. Results of this study may help in addition of new anticancer drug for breast cancer. DOI10.14302/issn.2576-6694.jbbs-19-2953 Cancer is defined as a progressive group of disease characterized by abnormal clusters of cell mass that exceeds due to the uncontrolled growth 1, 2. Cancer is second major cause of death in the world. In 2015, 1600 deaths per day were anticipated in USA 3.Studies showed that in 2010 there are 1.6 million cancer cases have been diagnosed and by 2030 cancer burden will increase up to 2.3 million in United States 4. Asia contributes 60% of the world population. Half of the cancer incidences were reported from Asian countries. An estimated population of 3.6 million males and 4.0 million females were diagnosed with cancer in this region, in which lung cancer is most prevalent among men and breast cancer among women 5. Breast cancer is one of the leading malignancy in women worldwide and in Pakistan. It accounts 41% of female cancers 6. According to the GLOBOCAN of WHO more than 1.38 million women have diagnosed with breast cancer in 2008 7. According to recent statistics of American cancer society (ACS), in 2016 approximately 246,660 cases of invasive breast cancer and 61,000 cases of non invasive breast cancer will be reported. 40,730 deaths due to breast cancer will be reported in 2016 8 . In Asia, Pakistan has the highest prevalence of breast cancer. One in eighth womenis facing breast cancer in our country and annually 40,000 women are dying because of this