Surgical Site Infection in Cesarean Section Operation: Risk and Management - Surgical Site Infection in Cesarean Section Operation: Risk and Management - Open Access Pub

Cesarean sections (CS) are one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. There is great variability in the percentage of cesarean sections between countries, varying from 3% to 42.9%5. In the US, approximately 32% of deliveries occur through a cesarean section. Overall, a drastic increase in cesarean section rate has been reported reaching its highest level at the present time. In Brazil, considering the types of births by live births from 2006 to 2016, the national percentage of cesarean section was 52.37%. The variability in this percentage can still be perceived within Brazilian territory. The highest cesarean rate occurred in the Southern region, representing 58.33% of births, while the lowest rate occurred in the Northern region, with 41.79%. It is possible to see the steady increase in the percentage of CS over time, from 45.01% in 2006 to 55.39% in 2016. DOI10.14302/issn.2690-4837.ijip-19-2842 Cesarean sections (CS) are one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide1, 2, 3, 4. There is great variability in the percentage of cesarean sections between countries, varying from 3% to 42.9%5. In the US, approximately 32% of deliveries occur through a cesarean section 2, 5, 6. Overall, a drastic increase in cesarean section rate has been reported 3, 5, 7, 8,reaching its highest level at the present time8. In Brazil, considering the types of births by live births from 2006 to 2016, the national percentage of cesarean section was 52.37%. The variability in this percentage can still be perceived within Brazilian territory. The highest cesarean rate occurred in the Southern region, representing 58.33% of births, while the lowest rate occurred in the Northern region, with 41.79%. It is possible to see the steady increase in the percentage of CS over time, from 45.01% in 2006 to 55.39% in 2016 9. Surgical site infection (SSI) is reported to be the most common hospital-associated infection in community hospital settings10. Moreover, in a recent well-designed multicentre study in England, SSI was estimated to be just under 10% and the readmission rate due to SSI following CS was 0.6% 11. Like other surgical procedures, there are risks factors of complications associated with cesarean section1. Independent risk factors are not well documented in the literature. In a systematic review of the maternal intrinsic risk factors associated with SSI following CS, obesity and chorioamnionitis were identified as the most significant risk factors for overall SSI (incisional and organ/space)11, along with the following factors: lack or