Biolarvicidal Potentials of the Methanolic-leaf-extracts of Selected Tropical Plant Species - Biolarvicidal Potentials of the Methanolic-leaf-extracts of Selected Tropical Plant Species - Open Access Pub

The global impact of malaria and challenges encountered during its control have necessitated the application of multifaceted strategies, including the application of plant-derived agents. Amidst these challenges the proliferation of the vector is becoming hyperendemic in tropical region. This research is focused on the biolarvicidal activities of the methanolic leaf-extracts of Cassia alata, Microdesmispuberula？ and Spilanthesfilicaulis against mosquito larva. The mosquito larva were assayed in a static non-renewal test. Results showed no mortality for the negative control, and total mortality for the positive control (p<0.05). The C. alata bioassay was the most active with LC50 value of 13.73 ppm, followed by; M. puberula(21.24 ppm), and S. filicaulis (28.86 ppm). This study concludes that methanolic-leaf-extracts of C. alata, M. puberula？ and S. filicaulis can be recommended for the formulation of biolarvicide for the control of malaria. DOI10.14302/issn.2641-7669.ject-19-2730 Malaria is a vector-borne disease, which is transmitted by female arthropod (mosquito) belonging to the Anopheles genus1, 2. The disease is prevalent in Africa, with documented information in literature indicating, the Anopheles gambiae species as the predominant transmitter3. It is documented in literature that mosquitoes transmit more diseases, compared to other arthropods 4. Statistical data in literature showed that there are over 40 genera of mosquitoes distributed into over 3,000 species, out of which only about 30 - 40 species transmit malaria in nature 2, 5. Several metabolites have been identified from various plants, including over 10,000 alkaloids and 25,000 terpenes derivatives 6. Notwithstanding, the therapeutic efficacies in these applied metabolites varies upon some compounding parameters; including, seasonal influence, location, age, individual susceptibility and environmental stresses on the plant 7, or the applied part of the plant such as root, stem, fruits, leaves, and seeds 8, as well as the applied solvent medium used for the plant extraction 9. The efficacy of C. alata have been documented in literature for the treatment of constipation, stomach pain, and ringworm 10. Microdesmispuberula was known for the treatment of gonorrhoea and erectile dysfunction 11. The antibacterial properties of Spilanthesfilicaulisleaf decoction have also been reported 12. The application of synthetic therapy like drug administration can only abate morbidity burden and reinfection frequency 13, while pesticides poses potential ecotixicity 9. Due to the prevalence of malaria and