外科学教材中“三基概念”的提出、演变、不足和对策
The proposal, evolution, deficiency and countermeasures of “three basic” in surgical textbooks

三基概念即基础理论、基本知识和基本技能，在外科学教材编撰和外科学教学中起到了积极的作 用，影响较大。虽然在历版外科学教材中三基概念历经修订，但概念仍不完善。本文结合历版外科学教材中对三 基概念的修订意见和逻辑学的原理，给三基概念重新下定义：基本理论指在外科实践中解释事物相互联系、相互 作用的假设、推论和学说。基本知识指在外科实践中揭示客观存在的事实或对客观存在的描述。基本技能指在外 科实践中所需的检查、记录、诊断和操作等技能。
The concept of “three basic”, basic theory, basic knowledge and basic skills, plays a positive role in surgical textbooks writing and surgical teaching. Although the concept is revised again and again, it is still not perfect. In this paper, based on the revision ideas and logic principles pertaining to the concept of “three basic” in surgical textbooks, the concept was redefined as follows: the basic theory is the hypothesis, deduction and theory to explain things interaction in surgical practice; basic knowledge refers to the facts that reveal the objective existence in the surgical practice or the description of the objective existence; basic skills are the skills required for the examination, recording, diagnosis and operation of the surgical practice