A Novel Green Nano Determination of Aluminium in Food, Biological and Water Samples Using a Cloud Point Extraction Combined with Spectrophotometry

A ternary surfactant system is proposed for the first time as an extraction strategy of nano amount determination of aluminium using 6-{4-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)diazenyl)phenyl}-2-oxo-4-phenyl-1,2- dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile (DDPODC), as complexing agent in presence of PONPE 5.0 as nonionic surfactant at pH 4.6 and applied for selective preconcentration of Al 3+. The analyte was quantified in the enriched solution by spectrophotometry. After optimization of the complexation and extraction conditions, an enrichment factor superior to 400-fold was obtained with improved sensitivity of 317 times compared to the conventional extraction system using only a nonionic surfactant. The molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, calibration and Ringbom ranges, detection and quantification limits and relative standard deviation (RSD) of the complex were calculatyed. The presented procedure was successfully applied to determine aluminium content in real samples with satisfactory results. Keyword: Cloud point extraction; Aluminium determination; Azo dyes; Spectrophotometry; Environmental analysis