Evaluation of Sensitivity and Resistance of Bacteria Associated With Dental Abscesses in Lebanese Population

Objectives: Inappropriate prescription of antibiotics for the treatment of dental abscesses is not uncommon. Knowledge about the root canal flora is crucial in order to determine the most effective antibiotics and to limit the emergence of resistant bacteria. The objective of the study was to isolate the root canal flora from teeth associated with dental abscesses, and determine the sensitivity and resistance of the incriminated bacteria to different antibiotics. Methods: Bacterial samples obtained from patients presenting with dental abscesses to Lebanese dental clinics were analyzed to determine the types of involved bacteria. Bacterial sensitivity and resistance were tested. Results: 42 and 85 samples were obtained from chronic and acute dental abscesses, respectively. 19 / 85 samples were from patients with dental abscesses and aggravating clinical signs. The majority of the detected bacteria were facultative anaerobes. Obligate anaerobes were found in teeth with acute dental abscesses and aggravating clinical signs. Gram-positive bacteria showed the highest antibiotic resistance. Penicillin had the highest sensitivity levels. Conclusion: The role of the dentists in making a correct diagnosis is emphasized considering the presence of virulent bacteria. Penicillin should be the primary antibiotic of choice when required in the context of the treatment of dental abscesses. Keywords: Antibiotics; Bacteria; Acute Abscess; Cellulitis; Dental Infection