Formation, structure and properties of biocompatible TiZrHfNbTa high-entropy alloys

ABSTRACT Biocompatibility of HEAs in the TiZrHfNbTa system in which all the constituents are non-toxic and allergy-free was scrutinized systematically, and novel biomechanical materials with a unique combination of low modulus (57？GPa, almost half that of conventional biomedical titanium alloys), good mechanical biocompatibility and low magnetic susceptibility (1.71？×？10？6？cm3？g？1, similar to that of pure Zr) were successfully developed. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms responsible for phase formation and promising properties were explored. This work not only offers a series of novel bio-metallic materials with prominent properties for practical applications, but also shed light on understanding of phase formation and strengthening of HEAs in general. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT IMPACT STATEMENT Several biocompatible TiZrHfNbTa HEAs with prominent properties for practical applications were developed and the relevant alloy design principles were revealed