Anti-inflammatory effects of the protein hydrolysate and peptide fractions isolated from Salvia hispanica L. seeds

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory effect of protein hydrolysate and peptide fractions from Salvia hispanica L. seeds. Protein isolate was obtained using defatted flour of mucilage-free seeds. Hydrolysis process was conducted by enzymatic digestion. The hydrolysate was fractionated using ultrafiltration membranes to obtain the peptide fractions (<1, 1-3, 3-5, 5-10, and >10？kDa). Protein derivatives were evaluated by in vitro activation of murine peritoneal macrophages. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined as NO production, H2O2 release and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10) production. All the peptides exerted an anti-inflammatory activity, but peptide fraction between 1 - 3？kDa showed the highest anti-inflammatory effect. This fraction was evaluated on in vivo murine models of TPA-induced ear edema and DNFB-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity, exhibiting inhibitory effects. Hence, the results demonstrated that protein derivatives from S. hispanica L. seeds have in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects