The combination of cantharidin and antiangiogenic therapeutics presents additive antitumor effects against pancreatic cancer

PANC-1 cells were used in both subcutaneous and orthotopic pancreatic xenograft models. a, b Body weight (a) and tumor volume (b) evaluations of the cantharidin (CAN) group vs. the control group in subcutaneous xenografts. c, d Representative in vivo bioluminescent images (c) and bioluminescence analysis (d) of pancreatic cancer subcutaneous xenografts. e, f Photographs of subcutaneous xenograft (e) and tumor weight (f) in the CAN vs. the control group. g Body weight of the CAN vs. the control group in orthotopic xenografts. h, i Representative bioluminescent images (h) and bioluminescence analysis (i) of pancreatic cancer orthotopic xenografts. j, k Photographs of orthotopic xenograft (j) and tumor weight (k) in the CAN vs. the control group. l, m The bioluminescent images showing the process of bioluminescence peak emergence and decay in the CAN vs. the control group in subcutaneous (l) and orthotopic xenografts (m). *P？<？0.05 and **P？<？0.01, significant differences vs. the control grou