Magnesium and Other Biometals in Oxidative Medicine and Redox Biology

Magnesium (Mg) and also other biometals (BM) play an essential role in regulating a plethora of biological processes such as (1) metabolism of biomacromolecules, (2) cell division and proliferation, (3) normal mitochondrial homeostasis and energy production, (4) normal redox homeostasis, (5) antioxidant signaling, and (6) crosstalk between major signal cascades. However, exact molecular mechanisms underlying the action of Mg or other BM in these processes are often only partially understood. This may relate, in part, to lack of sensitive and specific tools to assess Mg and BM in biological systems and to relative lack of emphasis of Mg and BM in clinical medicine