Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Molecular Basis to Novel Treatment Approaches

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most prevalent and lethal cancers in the world and is the fifth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. HCC incidence has increased dramatically during the last decade worldwide. HCC is endemic in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa where the major risk factors are hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection. Aflatoxin B1 is a relevant cofactor for HCC in sub-Saharan Africa. In the United States and Western Europe, Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis is an emerging risk factor for the development of HCC