Influenza a virus-triggered autophagy decreases the pluripotency of human-induced pluripotent stem cells

a Comparison of PR8 virus growth kinetics between hiPSCs and IAV-permissive epithelial cell lines. hiPS, MDCK, and A549 cells were infected at various MOIs to track and compare viral yield. Supernatants were collected and titered in MDCK cells to measure viral growth by the standard plaque assay at different time points. b Immunoblot detection of IAV protein production in pluripotent stem cells. hiPSCs were infected with influenza A/PR/8/34 at MOI？=？5 PFU/cell, and protein lysates were examined for production of viral NS1, NP, and M1 proteins at 12 and 24？h post infection by immunoblotting. c Validation of PR8 protein production in iPS cells by immunofluorescent microscopy. hiPS cells were infected for 24？h at MOI？=？5 PFU/cell. After fixation, cells were probed with primary antibodies for viral proteins and imaged with a fluorescence microscope to detect NP (yellow), NS1 (red), and M1 (orange). Nuclei？=？blue (scale bar？=？50？μm