Equine Activities Influence Horses’ Responses to Different Stimuli: Could This Have an Impact on Equine Welfare?

Horses are required to perform a wide variety of activities. Training a horse for these activities may influence the horse’s perception of and reactions to different stimuli. This study investigated the reactivity and emotional responses of horses involved by humans in different equine activities (dressage, jumping, eventing and equine-assisted activity/therapy) by studying their physiological and behavioral responses to different stimuli. A test setting with five phases was created to test equine responses to five different stimuli and compare these responses among horses from the different disciplines. It was demonstrated that the horses involved in the different activities had different responses, both physiologically and behaviorally, to the studied stimuli. These findings suggest that training a horse for a specific activity modifies the perception of stimuli and the strategies that the horse uses to balance its emotional state. Thus, horses involved in different activities probably behave differently according to their training. Such information is of great importance in improving training methods, with the aim of increasing equine welfare