Evaluation of Radiation Exposure on Physicians During Angioplasty for Hemodialysis Access Dysfunction

Percutaneous interventions help patients with various cardiovascular diseases, however radiation exposure is a safety concern for both patients and health care providers. We previously reported that dose area product (DAP) is apparently different in central body and upper-limb areas during percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for arteriovenous shunt dysfunction. In this study, we investigated the precise radiation dose at the patients’ back and at the non-targeted organs of the operators