Music Reduces Postoperative Pain Perception in Male Patients after Abdominal Surgery under General Anesthesia

The statistical analysis for each of the response variable, blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, VAS score and morphine equivalents (ME), was based on a Linear regression analysis accounting for group and time differences and adjusting for covariates (Age, Height, Weight) if necessary (statistically significant). A random effect for each study subject was used to account for correlation between observations from the same subject in the study. Statistical Software JMP was used for the analysis. Figure 1 summarizes all models using JMP Profiler. The main findings of our study show a significant difference in the mean VAS scores between the two groups after treatment (2.3 versus 4.9; P-value<0.001). G2 Control group has higher VAS score by 2.6 units compared to G1 Music group. That significant difference is consistent across time points (i.e. no evidence for interaction between group and time point)