Role of Adipocytes in Obesity and Diabetes: Its Potential Therapeutic Prospects SciDoc Publishers | Open Access | Science Journals | Media Partners

Consequently, as part of normal tissue function, there is significant cross-talk between the cells, which occurs though direct cell-cell contact or surface molecular receptors and secreted factors. Indeed, co-culture experiments have demonstrated complex reciprocal signaling, between adipose-derived cells [44]. In previous studies with SVF and adipocyte cells are interacting in a manner that enhances their paracrine signaling by inducing the cytokine production. The inflammatory secretion data support that hypothesis and demonstrate that analyzing individual cell populations will provide an incomplete understanding of the cytokine activity of adipose tissue [4]. The in vitro culturing of ADSCs resulted in the secretion of significantly higher concentrations of cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-7, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13 and VEGF) when compared to the co-culture dataset. Consequently, the increased secretion of some cytokines by the isolated adherent ADSCs, when compared to co-culture samples, may be due to the increase in cell numbers during culture and the lack of immune cells and adipocytes regulating their secretions [45-47]. Consequently the secretion profiles produced by these isolated and mixed cell populations are of interest in order to delineate functional differences and guide potential therapeutic use [48]. However, sufficient amounts of HUMSCs in rat livers can secrete cytokines, reduce the activation of hepatic stellate cells, enhance liver cell repair and effectively cure liver fibrosis [49]. Elevated serum proinflammatory cytokine levels have been attributed, in part, to the increased number of resident macrophages within adipose tissue of obese individuals. One such report suggests that undifferentiated and/or adipocyte differentiated ASCs within intact adipose tissues also may contribute to the elevated proinflammatory cytokines levels found in obese individuals [50]. Moreover, in one of our study results demonstrated the new information on cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoproteins release from adipocytes indicates that the post obese complication in in vivo will increase the disease associated with lipid metabolism [38]. The effect of anti-diabetic drugs on adipose tissue represents an additional mechanism through which this may induce clinical benefits [51]. Furthermore, obesity is characterized by elevated serum levels of pro-inflammatory and chemotactic cytokines. Traditionally the management of diabetes is achieved by conventional anti-diabetic therapies including insulin treatment and self blood glucose monitoring can significantly prevent the