In recent years, the incidence of lung
adenocarcinoma has been increasing, and now
it has become the largest type of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Currently, treatment of advanced NSCLC consists of several modalities: systemic
chemotherapy, local radiation therapy, and targeted therapy (including most recently
immunotherapy). In the past decade, the discovery of new molecular subtypes, the search for tumor driver gene
mutations, the development of targeted
molecular targeted drugs, or targeted therapy to suppress tumor angiogenesis
and regulate tumor immune response have been the main directions of NSCLC research and clinical diagnosis and
treatment. At present, platinum-based chemotherapy is widely used in NSCLC
patients clinically. Platinum-based chemotherapy drugs can effectively
prolong the survival time of patients and improve their quality of life, but
the incidence of adverse reactions is still high. Therefore, it is necessary to
find a drug that can improve the efficacy of patients and reduce the adverse
reactions of platinum chemotherapy drugs to NSCLC patients.
References
[1]
Siegel, R., Ma, J., Zou, Z., et al. (2014) Cancer Statistics. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 64, 9-29. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21208
[2]
Govindan, R., Page, N., Morgensztern, D., et al. (2006) Changing Epidemiology of Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the United States over the Last 30 Years: Analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiologic and End Results Database. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 24, 4539-4544. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2005.04.4859
[3]
Chen, Q.F., Luo, J., Wu, C., Lu, H.S., Cai, S.Q., Bao, C.X., Liu, D.M. and Kong, J.L. (2020) The miRNA-149-5p/MyD88 Axis Is Responsible for Ursolic Acid-Mediated Attenuation of the Stemness and Chemoresistance of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Environmental Toxicology, 35, 561-569. https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.22891
[4]
Herbst, R.S., Heymach, J.V. and Lippman, S.M. (2008) Molecular Origins of Cancer: Lung Cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine, 359, 1367-1380. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra0802714
[5]
Alberg, A.J., Ford, J.G., Samet, J.M., et al. (2007) Epidemiology of Lung Cancer. ACCP Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (2nd Edition). Chest, 132, 29S-55S. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.07-1347
[6]
Finazzi, T., Ronden-Kianoush, M.I., Spoelstra, F.O.B., et al. (2020) Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy in Patients with Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Co-Existing Interstitial Lung Disease. Acta Oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden), 59, 569-573. https://doi.org/10.1080/0284186X.2020.1730002
[7]
Wang, C.D., Qiao, W.L., Jiang, Y.T., Zhu, M., Shao, J., Wang, T., Liu, D. and Li, W.M. (2020) The Landscape of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor plus Chemotherapy versus Immunotherapy for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 235, 4913-4927. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.29371
[8]
Oyedele, A.S., Bogan, D.N. and Okoro, C.O. (2020) Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Virtual Screening of Some Acridone Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 28, Article ID: 115426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115426
[9]
Boff, L., Persich, L., Brambila, P., Ottoni, F.M., et al. (2020) Investigation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Two Novel Digitoxigenin Analogues on H460 Lung Cancer Cells. Anti-Cancer Drugs, 31, 452-462. https://doi.org/10.1097/CAD.0000000000000872
[10]
Rapp, E., Pater, J.L., Willan, A., et al. (1988) Chemotherapy Can Prolong Survival in Patients with Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer—Report of a Canadian Multicenter Randomized Trial. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 6, 633-641. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1988.6.4.633
[11]
Delbaldo, C., Michiels, S., Syz, N., Soria, J.C., Le Chevalier, T. and Pignon, J.P. (2004) Benefits of Adding a Drug to a Single-Agent or a 2-Agent Chemotherapy Regimen in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Met-Analysis. JAMA, 292, 470-484. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.292.4.470
[12]
Guo, T.S., Huang, J.M., Wan, X.Y., Chen, P.X., Du, S.S. and Chen, Q.P. (2020) lncRNA Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 Promotes Proliferation and Invasion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells via Down-Regulating miR-202 Expression. Cell Journal, 22, 375-385.
[13]
Hanna, N., Shepherd, F.A., Fossella, F.V., et al. (2004) Randomized Phase III Trial of Pemetrexed versus Docetaxel in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Previously Treated with Chemotherapy. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 22, 1589-1597. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2004.08.163
[14]
Scagliotti, G.V., Parikh, P., von, P.J., et al. (2008) Phase III Study Comparing Cisplatin plus Gemcitabine with Cisplatin plus Pemetrexed in Chemotherapy-Naive Patients with Advanced-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 26, 3543-3551. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2007.15.0375
[15]
Cluleanu, T.E., Brodowicz, T., Belani, C.P., et al. (2009) Maintenance Pemetrexed plus Best Supportive Care (SBC) versus Placebo plus SBC: A Randomized III Study. The Lancet, 3749, 1432-1440. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61497-5
[16]
Marcello, T., Cesare, G., Stefano, C., et al. (2009) An Expanded Access Program of Erlotinib (Tarceva) in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Data Report from Italy. Lung Cancer, 64, 199-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2008.09.001
[17]
Chen, G., Zhang, Y.Z., Deng, H.W., Tang, Z.L., Mao, J.J. and Wang, L. (2020) Pursuing for the Better Lung Cancer Therapy Effect: Comparison of Two Different Kinds of Hyaluronic Acid and Nitroimidazole Co-Decorated Nanomedicines. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 125, Article ID: 109988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109988
[18]
Song, Y.X., Zhou, B., Du, X.Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, J., Ai, Y.Q., Xia, Z.J. and Zhao, G.F. (2020) Folic Acid (FA)-Conjugated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Combined with MRP-1 siRNA Improves the Suppressive Effects of Myricetin on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 125, Article ID: 109561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109561
[19]
Mok, T. and Wu, Y.L. (2008) Phase III, Randomised Open-Label, First-Line Study of Gefetinib versus Carboplatin/Paclitacel in Clinically Selected Patients with Advanced Non-Small Lung Cancer. Annals of Oncology, 19, Abstract LBA2.
[20]
Zhou, C., Wu, Y.L. and Chen, G. (2011) Erlotinib versus Chemotherapy as First-Line Treatment for Patients with Advanced EGFR Mutation-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (Optimal, CTONG-0802): A Multicentre, Open-Label, Randomised, Phase 3 Study. The Lancet Oncology, 12, 735-742. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70184-X
[21]
Sandler, A., Gray, R., Perry, M.C., et al. (2006) Paclitacel-Carboplatin Alone or with Bevacizumab for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine, 355, 2542-2550. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa061884
[22]
Reck, M., von Pawel, J., Zatloukal, P., et al. (2009) Phase III Trial of Cisplatin-Plus Gemcitabine with either Placebo or Bevacizumab as First-Line Therapy for Non- squamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: AVAil. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 27, 1227-1234. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2007.14.5466
[23]
Seto, T., Kato, T., et al. (2014) Erlotinib Alone or with Bevacizumab as First-Line Therapy in Patients with Advanced Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Harbouring EGFR Mutations (JO25567): An Open-Label, Randomised, Multicentre, Phase 2 Study. The Lancet Oncology, 15, 1236-1244. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70381-X
[24]
Young, H., Baum, R., Cremerius, U., et al. (1999) Measurement of Clinical and Subclinical Tumor Response Using [18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose and Positron Emission Tomography: Review and 1999 EORTC Recommendations. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORT C) PET Study Group. European Journal of Cancer, 35, 1773-1782. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-8049(99)00229-4
[25]
Duhaylongsod, F.G., Lowe, V.J., Patz, E.F., et al. (1995) Detection of Primary and Recurrent Lung Cancer by Means of 18F-FDG PET. Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 110, 130-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5223(05)80018-2
[26]
Lardinois, D., Weder, W., Hany, T.F., et al. (2003) Staging of Non Small Cell Lung Cancer with Integrated Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography. The New England Journal of Medicine, 348, 2500-2507. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa022136
[27]
Hany, T.F., Steinert, H.C., Goerres, G.W., et al. (2002) PET Diagnostic Accuracy: Improvement with in Line PET/CT System: Initial Results. Radiology, 225, 575-581. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2252011568
[28]
Qin, X.S. and Tian, M.X. (2006) Prognosis of Lung Cancer. Journal of Practical Medicine, 13, 3310-3311.
[29]
Konishi, J., Yamazaki, K., Tsukamoto, E., et al. (2003) Mediastinal Lymph Node Staging by FDG PET in Patients with Non Small Cell Lung Cancer: Analysis of False Positive FDG PET Findings. Respiration, 70, 500-506. https://doi.org/10.1159/000074207
[30]
Liu, L.P., Yu, J.M., Guo, H.B., et al. (2007) Application of 18f-fdg PET/CT Imaging in Lymph Node Metastasis and Staging of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Chinese Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 27, 264-266.