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Nursing Science 2020
急诊儿科护士共情疲乏的现状调查及影响因素分析
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Abstract:
目的：调查急诊儿科护士共情疲乏的现状，并探讨其影响因素，为护理管理者在维持和促进急诊儿科护士身心健康上提供新的视角。方法：采用不同特征调查表、中文版护士专业生活品质量表、护理工作环境量表，对7所三级甲等医院的急诊儿科护士进行调查。结果：急诊儿科护士共情疲乏各维度得分分别为：共情疲乏(36.69 ± 7.67)分、职业倦怠(23.29 ± 5.59)分、二次创伤(22.53 ± 6.46)分。单因素分析和多元线性回归分析结果显示工作类型、职称、职务、护理管理者能力、人力物力情况对共情满意得分有影响；学历、月收入、护理质量、人力物力情况对职业倦怠得分有影响；参与医院事务、护理管理者能力、护理质量、医护合作对二次创伤得分有影响。结论：急诊儿科护士处于重度共情疲乏，护理工作环境差、工作满意度低的护士更容易发生共情疲乏，护理管理者应特别关注此类护士，并制订相应的预防措施。
Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of compassion fatigue in Emergency Pediatric nurses. Methods: The self-designed demographic questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Compassion Fatigue Scale, Practice Environment scale were employed to investigate the emergency pediatric nurses in 7 grade A hospitals. Results: The scores for each dimension in compassion fatigue scale were as follows: compassion satisfaction (36.69 ± 7.67), occupational burnout (23.29 ± 5.59), and secondary traumatic stress (22.53 ± 6.46). Results of univariate anal-ysis and multiple linear regression analysis showed working condition, title, position, ability of nursing manager, human and material resources had significant influence on compassion satisfac-tion. Educational background, monthly income, quality of holistic nursing, human and material resources had significant influence on occupation burnout. Participation in hospital affairs, nursing manager competence, quality of holistic nursing, cooperation between doctor and nurse exert significant influence on secondary traumatic stress. Conclusions: Emergency Pediatric nurses had severe compassion fatigue and this status was influenced by multiple reasons. Nurses with poor nursing working environment as well as low job satisfaction were more likely to develop compas-sion fatigue. Nursing managers should promptly identify and take effective measures to alleviate compassion fatigue of nurses.
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