Watson关怀理论在《护理学基础》教学中的应用
The Application of Watson’s Caring Theory in the Teaching of Nursing Fundamentals

目的：了解护生目前的人文关怀能力现状，以确定护生人文关怀教育需求，并以此为基础制定基于Watson关怀理论的教学模式，验证是否有助于提高护生的人文关怀能力。方法：利用便利抽样的方法抽取某高职院校2016级五年制护生182人，随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组采用以Watson关怀理论为框架制定的教学模式，对照组采用传统人文关怀教育教学方法。结果：实验前对照组人文关怀能力CAI总分为180.80 ± 19.10，实验组为178.34 ± 17.39，均低于国内常模；实验后对照组人文关怀能力CAI总分为188.37 ± 15.66，实验组为213.88 ± 11.80，实验组CAI总分显著高于实验前和对照组(均p < 0.01)。结论：1. 现阶段五年制高职护生人文关怀能力较低，有较高的学习需求。2. 将华生人文关怀科学理论融入高职护生《护理学基础》教学中能有效提高护生人文关怀能力。
Objective: To understand the current situation of humanistic care ability of nursing students, so as to determine the needs of humanistic care education of nursing students, and based on this, develop a teaching model integrating humanistic care science, and verify whether it is helpful to improve humanistic care ability of nursing students. Methods: 182 nursing students of five years in 2016 in a vocational college were selected by convenient sampling method and randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group adopts the teaching model based on Watson’s humanistic concern while the control group adopts the traditional teaching method. Results: Before the experiment, the CAI score of humanistic care ability in the control group was 180.80 ± 19.10, and that in the experimental group was 178.34 ± 17.39, both lower than the domestic norm. After the experiment, the CAI score of humanistic care ability of the control group was 188.37 ± 15.66, and that of the experimental group was 213.88 ± 11.80. The CAI score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group before the experiment (all p < 0.01). Conclusion: 1. The current five-year higher vocational nursing students’ humanistic care ability is low and they have higher learning needs. 2. Integrating Huasheng humanistic care science into the teaching of nursing science foundation can effectively improve the humanistic care ability of nursing students.